EXPERIMENT NO.2
OBJECTIVE:
To study the Law of Moment and Equilibrium Condition.
APPARATUS:
Lever arm, hanger, base plate, weights
Figure 2.1: Equilibrium on Two Lever Arm
Apparatus.
A pivoted beam in the extreme of a vertical support
represents a two-arm lever. The lever arm of a force applied to a solid is the distance from the
fulcrum to the line of action of this force. Equilibrium is reached when the
algebraic sum of the moments of
forces in relation to the fulcrum is zero.
The Moment of force acting about a point or axis is found
by multiplying the Force (F) by the
perpendicular distance from the axis (d),
called the lever arm.
PROCEDURE:
Study when
a beam is in equilibrium, the sum of anticlockwise moments about any point equal the sum of clockwise moments about the
same point:
Case (i):
Case (ii):
CALCULATIONS:
Use the equation of moment M=Fd
PRECAUTIONS:
1. The
fulcrum and its base used in the experiment should be placed on a horizontal
surface and must be perpendicular that is vertically straight in upright
position.
2. The
hinge used in the fulcrum should be free of friction.
3. Write
establishing the state of equilibrium disturbances due to air and vibration
must be kept to minimum.
CONCLUSION:
Discuss the factors which affect Law of Moment and
Equilibrium condition.
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